How were liberty and equality for women to be defined during 1850's ?

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The liberal politician Carl Welcker, an electedmember of the Frankfurt Parliament, expressedthe following views:‘Nature has created men and women to carryout different functions … Man, the stronger, thebolder and freer of the two, has been designatedas protector of the family, its provider, meant forpublic tasks in the domain of law, production,defence. Woman, the weaker, dependent andtimid, requires the protection of man. Her sphereis the home, the care of the children, thenurturing of the family … Do we require anyfurther proof that given such differences, equalitybetween the sexes would only endangerharmony and destroy the dignity of the family?’Louise Otto-Peters (1819-95) was a politicalactivist who founded a women’s journal andsubsequently a feminist political association. Thefirst issue of her newspaper (21 April 1849) carriedthe following editorial:‘Let us ask how many men, possessed bythoughts of living and dying for the sake of Liberty,would be prepared to fight for the freedom ofthe entire people, of all human beings? Whenasked this question, they would all too easilyrespond with a “Yes!”, though their untiringefforts are intended for the benefit of only onehalf of humanity – men. But Liberty is indivisible!Free men therefore must not tolerate to besurrounded by the unfree …’An anonymous reader of the same newspapersent the following letter to the editor on 25 June1850:‘It is indeed ridiculous and unreasonable to denywomen political rights even though they enjoythe right to property which they make useof. They perform functions and assumeresponsibilities without however getting thebenefits that accrue to men for the same … Whythis injustice? Is it not a disgrace that even thestupidest cattle-herder possesses the rightto vote, simply because he is a man, whereashighly talented women owning considerableproperty are excluded from this right, eventhough they contribute so much to themaintenance of the state?’

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